Strings

September 20, 2020

String

String is actually one-dimensional charcater array terminated by null character ‘\0’.

Declaration of strings

Strings are declared in similar manner as arrays. The only difference is that, strings are of character type.

Syntax:

   char str[5];

Strings can also be declared using pointer.

Syntax:

	 char *p;

Initialization of strings

String can be intialized in different ways.

Example:

	char alpha[] = "abcd";
	      OR
	char alpha[5] = "abcd";
	      OR
	char alpha[] = {'a','b','c','d','\0'};
        OR
	char alpha[5] = {'a','b','c','d','\0'};
        OR
	char *alpha = "abcd";

String Manipulation Function

SL.No	Function	Description
1	strlen(str)	computes string’s length.
2	strcpy(str destination ,str source)	copies a string to another.
3	strcat(str1,str2)	concatenates(joins) two strings.
4	strcmp(str1,str2)	compares two strings.Returns 0 if str1 and str2 are the same; less than 0 if str1<str2; greater than 0 if str1>str2.
5	strlwr(str)	converts string to lowercase.
6	strupr(str)	converts string to uppercase.
7	strrev(str)	Reverse a string.
8	strchr(str1, ch)	Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string s1.
9	strstr(str1, str2)	Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string str2 in string str1.